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The d'Orsi Senior Bowl, or Senior Bowl or d'Orsi Bowl, is a biennial world championship contract bridge tournament for national of "Seniors", players age 60 and older.〔 ''Seniors'' in world bridge are people who turn age 60 or greater during the calendar year: for 2011, people born 1951 or earlier.(Senior Bridge ). WBF. Retrieved 2011-12-04. • Through 2005 the minimum age was 55. It was increased to age 60 by holding the defining year at 1950 for six years; thus all Seniors remained eligible during the transition. (Senior Bridge ). WBF. Retrieved 2008-09-28. (no longer available) 〕 It is contested every odd-number year under the auspices of the World Bridge Federation (WBF), alongside the Bermuda Bowl (Open) and Venice Cup (Women). Entries formally represent WBF Zones as well as nations so it is also known as the "World Zonal Senior Team Championship", one of three "World Zonal Team Championships".〔 (World Championships ). World Bridge Federation (WBF). Retrieved 2011-12-04. 〕〔 40th World Teams, Information. 〕 It became an official world championship event in 2001 following a successful exhibition in 2000. Alternatively, the d'Orsi Senior Bowl is the trophy awarded to the winning team. It was donated at the 2009 tournament in Brazil by former WBF President Ernesto d'Orsi,〔 At the time, the Brazilian d'Orsi had been Chairman of both the WBF Competition & Tournament Committee and its Rules & Regulations Committee since 1995; Chairman of the WBF Master Points Committee since 2002; and President of CSB (Zone 3, South America) since 2008. • . Retrieved 2011-12-08. 〕 and the tournament was renamed at that time.〔40th World Teams, top page. 〕 France won its first title in the 6th Senior Bowl tournament, October 2011 in Veldhoven, Netherlands. USA 2〔 Annual rankings published by the WBF show double representation for the US in all Senior Bowl tournaments. Select "Venue" links at ("World Team Championships to Date" ). Retrieved 2011-08-17. 〕 and Poland placed second and third.〔 In the 2013 tournament, held in Bali, Indonesia, the original winners were Germany, with USA2 second and Poland third.〔 (2013 bulletin ). WBF. Retrieved 2014-04-05.〕 Two members of the Germany team were later found to be cheating and the WBF awarded USA 2 first, Poland second and France third. The 2015 championship, held in Chennai, India, was won by USA1 ahead of Sweden, with Poland third. ==Structure== The zonal quotas and structures are now identical for the Open, Women, and Seniors flights of Zonal Teams, and the three tournaments are concurrent. There are 22 teams —1 from the host country, 6 from Europe, and so on— each four to six players and a captain who may be one of the players.〔There may be others in the party, including some listed in the WBF database, such as a coach (for example, ). They are not official team members.〕 They compete as with scoring by (IMP). For one week everyone plays round-robin matches of 16 deals, three daily matches (21 in all) with IMP margins converted to (VP). Teams who draw get 15 points each, up to 25 for the winner and down to 0 for the loser. The eight round-robin leaders continue in long knockout matches, 96 deals in two days (except 128 in three days for the Open final), with as much as 16 IMP from the short matches between the same teams. The World Transnational Open Teams Championship begins after most teams are eliminated from the three major events; players on all but the four semifinalist teams in each flight are welcome to enter the Transnational. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Senior Bowl (bridge)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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